Is there a comprehensive glossary, dictionary, or what have you, either online or in print, for linguistic notation?

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If, by "linguistic notation", you mean interlinear glosses, the first place you should check out is the The Leipzig Glossing Rules. Other potentially useful resources can be found under External Links on the Wikipedia page.

If you mean syntactic annotation (in computational linguistics), you could check out the Universal Part of Speech Tags and Universal Dependencies projects.

I hope this helps!